Articles
Clonidine Beyond Hypertension: Neuropsychiatric & Addiction Applications
Clonidine exerts its primary action by stimulating central alpha-2 adrenergic receptors in the locus coeruleus and other brainstem nuclei. Act...
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Torsemide vs. Furosemide: Could the Underdog Diuretic Be the Future of Heart Failure Management?
Both torsemide and furosemide exert their diuretic effects by inhibiting the Na⁺-K⁺-2Cl⁻ symporter (NKCC2) in the thick ascending limb of the ...
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Chronotherapy with Toprol XL: Does Timing Your Beta-Blocker Improve Outcomes in Hypertension and Heart Failure?
Circadian rhythms govern physiological processes through endogenous biological clocks that synchronize with environmental cues. In cardiovascu...
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